Thank you for visiting. You can now post
your news and views
Please note that only personal/scientific URLs are
allowed and gratuitous advertisements will be removed
This is great. Thanks for your (obviously) considerable work in getting it together.
Adam Ellison
10 April 2009 01:03:47Hallo Dr. Chaplin. I appreciate your site, I interested in it. I am Felixtianus Eko Wismo Winarto, Indonesian. I study at University Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar seri iskandar, Perak darul ridzuan, Malaysia. Before I worked at Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, central Java, Indonesia. My study area is waste water purification specifically aerobic aeration.
I am interested in that topic because I note that the human population at the earth is growing rapidly, and one of the human essential needs is water (clean water). Started from that, I should try to purify poluted water (waste water) in a shortest time, so it can fullfil the needs. If you have any paper related to water purification especially on aerobic aeration may I ask, please send me the soft copies. Thank's
Sincerrily yours, Felixtianus eko
Tuesday, February 10, 2009 2:53:32 AM
Dear Dr. Chaplin: We do a great deal of work with polymers and their hydration in a variety of solutions. Your site helps to provide a better mental picture of what is happening.
Thank you, Tom Wentzler Magnolia Research
Saturday, February 07, 2009 9:01:24 PM
Dear Mr Chaplin, I read with great interest your article on possible influence of electromagnetic radiation on water. I do not have a scientific background but I have read several articles and scientific research on
the subject. My other concern is the use of chlorine in drinking water. My own tap water is badly affected by chlorination as my house is first on-line from the holding tank – the water is undrinkable! I have seen mention of the possibility of chlorine being destabilised into free radical form. Does this mean that chlorine has oxidant (or antioxidant) effects in its ability to neutralise bacteria etc? I have also read of EMR increasing free radical formation. What would then be the possibility of EMR increasing further breakdown of chlorine into free radicals in tap water? I would be most interested to hear your views on the subject.
Many thanks Charles Simpson
Wednesday, August 13, 2008 9:38:52 AM
Martin replies: Chlorine radicals do not last long in solution and will naturally be produced, in any case. I do not see this as a significant hazard in drinking water It may be important in particular circumstances, such as if the water contained organic material.
Hi Martin Many thanks for your prompt reply. Sorry to trouble you again, but living in a rural area our local water contains large amounts of run-off from fields introducing manure and sheep foecal matter etc. I know that the water company then add large amounts of chlorine to kill off this material. Further to what you said can the chlorine free radicals interact sufficiently leaving a lasting effect? If that is the case is it possible that EMR (transformer above holding tank which I can see from my house) can have some detrimental influence? On a personal note I can get stiff neck and headache from drinking our tap water even if well filtered - something odd is happening!
Many thanks Charles Simpson
Hallo Dr. Chaplin, I appreciate your site, I work with water from an artistic and technological stand point- particularly around its more subtle qualities around its structure. You seem to confirm what I've understood about its tetrahedral structure- but much of the scientific jargon was beyond me. Is it true from your research that the molecule holds a tetrahedral structure? For the technology I work with its crucial that we can convey this point- see my website www.californiaflowforms.org- the inventor or our technology lives not far from you. Also, have you found that different qualities of water (polluted vs. pure) affect its structure? Our work is closely related to the work of Austrian scientist Victor Schauberger, I'm curious if you're aware of his work and what you think of
it. I intend to study your site more and will link it from mine soon. Thank you,
Patrick Garretson
Thursday, July 10, 2008 11:02:34 PM
Martin replies: Victor Schauberger was a clever scientist . His ideas have been extended by others to beyond the support of current science.
Dear Prof. Chaplin, I found your Water Structure and Science site extremely useful. It is very convenient for us – readers – to have such a complete overview, especially due to astonishing full reference list.
I have lead a small scientist group in Joint Institute of Nuclear Research (Dubna, Russia) for some years. The base topic of work was to develop a highly precise radioanalytical technique for studying ultra-diluted aqueous solutions [1]. Main focus was set on transport phenomena, such as electrophoresis and diffusion of different ions [2, 3]. To cut long story short, in our course of investigation we have found that ions mobility in low acidic water solutions (pH = 2.5 – 4.5) show an abnormal high values [4]. Outside this pH region ions mobility has normal (expected, predicted) values. Note that this effect (so called “Abnormal acceleration”) take place independently of ions type investigated: cations or anions, simple or complex, small or large, well- or poor-hydrated. Thus, a solvent (water) structure should be responsible: there should be some kind of reversible water structure reordering, rearrangement at that pH scale – such to ensure the increase of ions mobility. The abnormal acceleration effect is strange and could not be explained by any theory at that moment; nevertheless it does exist. I am very interested in its origins; moreover one of our hypotheses could lead to conclusions of dramatic importance to biochemistry and cell biology.
I am not a specialist in field of matter (water) structure, and therefore am looking for your comment on that subject. If you are interested, I could provide additional materials. I am currently open for collaboration.
References:
1. S.N. Dmitriev, M.V. Milanov, B.A. Alikov, G.A. Bojikov, G.D.
Bontchev, T.A. Furyaev, O.D. Maslov, A.N. Priemyshev, A.B. Salamatin.
Device for horizontal ion electrophoresis in a free electrolyte. JINR
FLNR Scientific Reports 1997-98 “Heavy Ion Physics”, Dubna (2000), p.
207-208
2. G.A. Bojikov, P.I. Ivanov, G.D. Bontchev, A.N. Priemyshev, O.D.
Maslov, M.V. Milanov, S.N. Dmitriev. Determination of the diffusion
coefficients of Cd(II), In(III), Zr(IV), Hf(IV) and Pu(VI) hydrated
ions in aqueous solutions using the method of horizontal zone
electrophoresis in free electrolyte. 9th Conference on Separation of
Ionic Solutes (SIS’01), Slovakia, Bratislava, Modra-Harmonia, June 5 –
10 (2001), Abstracts - p. 88-90
3. O.D. Maslov, G.D. Bontchev, G.A. Bojikov, P.I. Ivanov, A.N.
Priemyshev, M.V. Milanov, S.N. Dmitriev. Research on the behavior of
In(III) ions in ultramicroconcentrations in aqueous solutions by the
method of horizontal zone electrophoresis in a free electrolyte. 9th
Conference on Separation of Ionic Solutes (SIS’01), Slovakia,
Bratislava, Modra-Harmonia, June 5 – 10 (2001), Abstracts - p. 91-93
4. G.D. Bontchev, G.A. Bojikov, P.I. Ivanov, M. Milanov. An effect of
abnormal ion electromigration rate in aqueous solutions at pH between
2,5 and 4,5. Scripta Scientifica Medica, Medical University – Varna,
37, 2 (2005), p. 87-90
Best regards, G. Bontchev, PhD gogob@dir.bg
:-Thursday, May 29, 2008 10:11:07 AM
Dear Sir, I think your site is quite wonderful. Although I'm not involved in any sciences, it doesn't mean science is not of major interest to me. I enjoy reading such material extensively, as recreation (to me) - a love of learning. Water is a fascinating subject & has interested me for many years. It's the "stuff of life"!
But as interesting & informative as your site is, I can only read it for a short period of time before my eyes start spinning in my head. ;-) Well, not quite but the colour of your background in the individual articles is unbearable for me. My head will literally hurt after working to focus on the text. The deep teal background makes it very hard to see the black text clearly plus the red hyperlinked words appear to 'vibrate' or shimmer to me. I'm sure the unpleasantness of focusing on the words affects my ability to remember what I read as well as I could.
While the way I perceive the text against such intense colours may seem highly unusual to you, it's not that uncommon. A lot of people have this problem - it's called Scotopic Sensitivity/Irlen Syndrome & it affects the way we view some objects. It's most common in people with autism or Asperger's syndrome or learning/reading disorders but it can be found in many others too. Perhaps those of us who don't seem to have other disorders share some genes in common with those who are autistic. My oldest son (well respected programmer) has Asperger's so I'm sure there are genes that cause this problem.
This is not meant to be critical in a unkind way but meant constructively. Usually, when I find a site that's difficult to read, I ignore it & simply find another. But your site is quite unique. I don't wish to ignore it! I've never bothered to write a site owner before about this but your site is special - sincerely meant.
I can do some basic HTML formatting & am almost tempted to copy the entire
source code for your pages & then reformat them & put them up in my own web
site (I have one that's strictly private & not accessible to the public),
simply so I could read them at leisure. But I'm hoping that my plea will
cause you to rethink your web formatting. If your text was on a neutral light
coloured background, it would be SO much more readable. Is it possible for
you to do so, please? My truest gratitude for an otherwise excellent site!
sincerely,
Judy Wilkins
:- April 29, 2008 12:38:04 AM
Martin replies: The site is not supposed to look like you describe. The background should be a very pale yellow. I wonder what browser and system you use. If you could tell me, I will try to ensure that it works with that one. It does work well in the latest versions of the main browsers but I have just ‘updated’ the code and have run into some bugs with backwards compatibility.
Later note: Apparently this behavior is due to the background image bug in KDE's Konqueror.
Hello: My name's José Antonio Molina and I´m grateful for your information I've taken about the structure of starch in www.scirus.net. I'm Veterinarian and I work in a food industrie in Spain.
Thank You again José Antonio Molina
:- March 26, 2008 7:54:52 PM
Prof. Chaplin, If pure liquid water is under modest pressure in a plastic container, say 2 to 5 atmospheres gage, and the temperature is very close to freezing (possibly below 0 C), will ice form if the pressure is suddenly released? Does this occur because of the small compressibility of water?
Thank you very much, Ronald Vincent
:-February 29, 2008 5:51:09 PM
Martin replies: It is possible that a small amount could freeze under very tightly controlled conditions due to the pressure lowering the freezing point. However the temperature range for this effect is a tiny fraction of a degree.
It is more likely that the water is supercooled and the release shock causes freezing.
Neither effect is due to the compressibility of water.
I have a question concerning electrolysis of water. I’m conducting a very simple experiment using a combined fuel cell/electrolyzer. First I split the water into H2 and O2 using the device as an electrolyzer at app. 1.67 V and 0.3 A. Then I recombine the H2 and O2 into water again, where the fuel cell produces electricity and have a toy electromotor run on it. Usually after app. 5 minutes of electrolyzing I have app. 10 cm3 H2 and 5 cm3 O2. The toy motor will run about 30 minutes using the device as a fuel cell. So far the process is reproducible every time. However I noticed that the process when I’m using the same water over and over again, the fuel cell producing electricity will produce less and less electricity. It seems to me that the reaction of H2 and O2 becoming H2O again becomes less and less spontaneous. Sometimes the motor only runs for a couple of minutes and then stops completely. However when I disconnect the wires and reconnect them after a couple of minutes it will run again, but only for a short time. Do you have an explanation for this finding or could you give me hint at what might be happening here? Your answer would greatly appreciated.
Kind regards, Dick Seegers
:- February 11, 2008 12:07:54 PM
Martin replies: I wonder if there is a pH effect but welcome any other suggestions from readers.
Dr. R. Dayal Yadav replies: Dear Prof. Chaplin good morning - The question on 'electrolysis and again reunion of hydrogen and oxygen leading to less energy output through the electric motor in each cycle of repeated operation on the same bulk of water without detaching the system' speaks volume. This relates to hydrogen bonding. The weak bond can perform the strongest work when the system is open to assimilate. Here the system is closed and operation is carried out on the same bulk of water. Thus the result. It is similar to wrapping two threads on each other ad recording the reverse sequence afterwards. After few operation the two threads will starts compromising and it is no wonder that after hundreds of operation the thread will look like twisted DNA. However this experiment and observation may be further extended to study the spirit and behavior of humans. We are working on a project that concentrates on molecular behavior of water in isolation. Regards Dr. R. Dayal Yadav Researcher Study Group DIM
:-Sunday, February 24, 2008 1:23:05 AM
Martin: You efforts in the study water is appreciated. I am currently studying biological paradigms of buildings in which water plays a critical role, especially when considering the thermal performance of materials. Your website has proven most helpful in understanding the complexities of water as a time variant material when introducing heat.
Anyway, thanks, Keith
:- 29 January 2008 19:53:19
Thanks for this review! How do you relate water quality and the effects of sound vibrations on water ? (see Lauterwasser's photos and Emamoto's works on ice formation).
I'm working on sound's vibrations effects on humans in therapeutics, as a medical doctor. What can you do with vibration? (frequency, intensity, duration?)
Thank you for your help
Annie. ( 'scuse me for my english expression, i'm french!). What do you know about magnetic and electric fields and sound vibrations, about cells water?
it's the last question for today
Thanks for you
annie briand
: - Thursday, March 15, 2007 at 16:58:58 (GMT)
Martin replies: I describe magnetic and electric effects.
Sound may have an effect on any nanobubbles present, but the resultant effects, if any, are not clear.
I really like your site. A wealth of information and a clear presentation.
Paul van der Varst
Useful - Wednesday, February 28, 2007 at 10:22:17 (GMT)
Cornell Discover the Structure of Water Although they haven't yet realised it.
In the thread Energy Issues: What is LAG? "mo" drew attention to some research work by Cornell in the following post: http://www.steorn.com/forum/comments.php?DiscussionID=46301&page=4#Item_34
Because it's only short I'm pasting it here in full
==================================================
mo Feb 17th 2007
More Barkhausen http://www.lassp.cornell.edu/sethna/hysteresis/hysteresis.html ==================================================
Later in the thread I wrote a post which compared the Barhausen phenomena with the cracking of concrete, pointing out that these were the same phenomena in different hierarchies.
What I stupidly failed to connect with at the time was the following item of information:
This self-similar behavior is governed by certain universal critical exponents: universal here means that different systems (e.g., theory and experiment) will have the same exponents. For example, the probability of having an avalanche of size s at the critical point varies as s to the power tau. We've been running lots of systems on the Cornell Theory Center supercomputer, in order to extract these critical exponents in 2, 3, 4, and 5 dimensions. Karin Dahmen has been using the renormalization group to predict these exponents as a function of dimension: these theoretical methods converge best near the ``upper critical dimension'', which for our problem is six. After an amazing amount of hard work, we've found great agreement between theory and experiment:
Now the key phrase here is these theoretical methods converge best near the ``upper critical dimension'', which for our problem is six. Years ago I discovered the PV^6 = a constant equation of state for water and published it in an international conference on materials. A year or two ago I also asked Professor Chaplin to include the results on his unsurpassed Water website. Unlike the powers (exponents) I had been getting for clays and cemented materials this power was integral. I knew this must be significant but I could never work out what that significance was (not surprising in retrospect since I didn't have the use of the Cornell Theory Centre supercomputer).
Now, thanks to the Cornell research, the answer is obvious. Water is at the equivalent of the point of failure under compression in concrete. If you invert the well known Volume vs Temperature graph it is the same and the stress-strain curve for concrete at the point of maximum stress. The classic 4° maximum density point corresponds to the maximum stress point on the stress strain curve, in other words the strength.
Well that's a turn up for the book! And to think that if it hadn't been for this forum and mo giving that reference to the Cornell work, that connection might have remained hidden for another 3 decades.
Water is by far the most important fluid there is. After all, our own bodies are 70% water. Anything which advances our understanding of water and how it works is absolutely vital in a whole variety of research areas.
Anyone here from Cornell?
==================================================
Frank Grimer <frankgrimer@fsmail.net>
Useful - Sunday, February 25, 2007 at 17:55:41 (GMT)
Earlier postings, 2000-2003 Earlier postings, 2004-2006
Home | Site Index | Earlier Visitors' comments 2004-2006 | Earlier Visitors' comments 2000-2003 | LSBU | Top
This page was last updated by Martin Chaplin on 10 April, 2009
